KDE/KDE4
What is KDE 4?
KDE 4是什么?
KDE 4 refers to all versions of the fourth major version of the KDE desktop environment. KDE 4.1 is the stable version we recommend for most users.
KDE 4 指 KDE 桌面系统第四个主要版本的所有子版本。KDE 4.1 是我们向多数用户推荐的稳定版本。
Current Status 当前状态
openSUSE Stable Releases openSUSE稳定版本
The current openSUSE stable release is recommended for all users.
我们向所有用户推荐的当前 openSUSE 稳定版本。
- KDE 4.1.3: The KDE:KDE4:STABLE:Desktop Build Service project contains KDE 4.1.3 packages as released with openSUSE 11.1. For installation/update instructions, see below. These packages are as current as possible and contain some openSUSE customisations and backports to ensure KDE 4 has all the features of KDE 3. Further they contain patches that will be published as official online updates. Testing these packages and reporting issues on Novell's bugzilla is highly appreciated.
- KDE 4.1.3:KDE:KDE4:STABLE:Desktop编译服务项目指定 KDE 4.1.3 作为openSUSE 11.1 的发行版组件。 安装/更新指南见下文。KDE 软件包尽可能的保持通用性,并包含一些 openSUSE 的定制和后向移植,以确保 KDE 4 拥有所有 KDE 3 的特性。另外,还包含一些将会发布的官方更新补丁。如果您能测试这些软件包,并回馈问题至 Novell 的 bugzilla,我们将不胜感激。
KDE Factory Releases
For the next openSUSE version, developers are working on the packages in the Factory repo. Those packages are updated frequently and although they are regarded as stable enough to be used, they might contain bugs and break for some days.
- KDE 4.2.x: The KDE:KDE4:Factory:Desktop Build Service project contains KDE 4.2.3 packages for all current openSUSE versions.
- KDE 4.2 Live CD: KDE Four Live is a frequently updated Live CD containing the above packages. The latest release includes KDE 4.2.3.
Unstable Packages
- KDE 4.2.7x: The KDE:KDE4:UNSTABLE:Desktop Build Service project contains development releases that will become KDE 4.3. They are highly experimental and might not work. Use with care; do not use with production data.
Safety Advice
Our KDE4 packages use ~/.kde4 for storing settings and data. KDE 3 applications continue to use ~/.kde, even if used within KDE4 workplace.
If you have edited your .profile or .bashrc to change KDEHOME both KDE 3 and KDE 4 applications will share the same config files. This will enable KDE 4 applications to 'upgrade' config files they find but KDE 3 applications will probably be unable to use the updated files.
KDE 3 and KDE 4
The KDE4 packages install into the /usr prefix, so KDE3 and KDE4 can safely be installed at the same time.
To prevent the accidental starting of KDE4 applications within a KDE3 session add at the top of /opt/kde3/bin/startkde
If you are using another window manager then adding this line to the .bashrc file should also load the correct applications.
This has been already done in the Factory and KDE:KDE3 packages which also contain some other minor patches for better co-existence with KDE4 (may need to run kbuildsycoca --noincremental
once to become fully active).
Installation
KDE 4.2 Project
The KDE:42 Build Service project has been created extraordinarily because of factory moving to KDE 4.3 beta. This project offers relatively stable and tested, albeit unofficial KDE 4.2 packages.
You can do a fresh and clean installation of these packages using the openSUSE 11.1 KDE Reloaded Live CD if you desire: [1]
Click on one of these One Click Install files to install the required packages and optionally register the repository for future. If you get a message that dependencies cannot be resolved, enter the "Advanced Mode" of the one-click handler and enable the "standard" online repository of your distribution.
Version: 11.1
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.2 from source (experts only). |
Version: 11.0
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.2 from source (experts only). |
Version: 10.3
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.2 from source (experts only). |
Version: Factory
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.2 from source (experts only). |
Factory KDE Project
The KDE:KDE4:Factory:Desktop Build Service project offers currently KDE 4.2.x packages as they are under development for openSUSE 11.2. They should be mostly usable, but have bugs. Feedback is highly appreciated. Especially testing for regressions over the STABLE repository is recommended.
To minimise the risk, you should not update as soon as there is a new build available but only if you encounter some bug and know that there is a fix in the new build.
Click on one of these One Click Install files to install the required packages and optionally register the repository for future. If you get a message that dependencies cannot be resolved, enter the "Advanced Mode" of the one-click handler and enable the "standard" online repository of your distribution.
Version: 11.1
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.2 from source (experts only). |
Version: 11.0
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.2 from source (experts only). |
Version: 10.3
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.2 from source (experts only). |
Version: Factory
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.2 from source (experts only). |
UNSTABLE KDE Project (KDE 4.3 Devel)
The KDE:KDE4:UNSTABLE:Desktop Build Service project contains unstable KDE development releases. The KDE version supplied is currently (pre-)alpha. Thus feedback is better directed upstream. These packages are provided as-is and are considered experimental and bleeding edge. No time will be spent on fixing builds/bugs or helping with problems.
STABLE KDE Project (KDE 4.1.3)
The KDE:KDE4:STABLE:Desktop Build Service project offers KDE 4.1.3 packages as they were released for openSUSE 11.1. They may include pending online updates for 11.1.
Click on one of these One Click Install files to install the required packages and optionally register the repository for future. Important: If you get a message that dependencies cannot be resolved, enter the "Advanced Mode" of the one-click handler and enable the "standard" online repository of your distribution.
Version: 11.1
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.1 from source (experts only). |
Version: 11.0
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.1 from source (experts only). |
Version: 10.3
|
Or you can choose to install a more basic KDE 4 desktop. Developers can also optionally install the KDE 4 build dependencies: all the packages you need to have installed for compiling KDE 4.1 from source (experts only). |
Starting KDE 4
If you're a KDE 3 user installing KDE 4 for the first time, this is how you start KDE 4. After installing the packages, your login manager now contains a "KDE 4" session to login to a full KDE 4 session. So if you have autologin enabled, you have to logout and choose the new session type from the Session Types menu.
Compiling from Source
To compile KDE 4 from source code, follow KDE/Developing/Guide.
- openSUSE specific instructions
- Instructions for building KDE4.
Performance Issues
KDE 4 is the first Free desktop environment to make use of advanced features such as compositing, alpha blending and scalable graphics at the core of the desktop, as opposed to only using a compositing window manager to apply 3D effects to traditional windows and desktop furniture. This has exposed a number of performance problems in video drivers and other Linux graphics subsystems. A year after the initial KDE 4 release, the situation has improved greatly, but the following resources may be useful to find the best drivers and settings for your hardware:
- KDE Graphics Performance Tips
- KWin 4.0 Release Notes
- There seems to be an issue with the fglrx driver and KDE4, which causes windows to be painted/repainted very slow on KDE4, while this does not occur on KDE3. It doesn't matter if compositing effects are turned on or off in KDE4. Using the free radeon or radeonhd drivers seems not to cause such performance problems. You may have to blacklist the 'fglrx' driver in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist, to prevent it from being loaded automatically on bootup. If you change your xorg.conf to use the radeon or radeonhd driver, but the fglrx module is still loaded (even if it is no used) you might encounter those performance problems in KDE4.
Most Annoying Bugs/Troubleshooting
Please note that some issues may be resolved already. Check for system updates first.
For more information, check the KDE Bug Tracking system; the most hated bugs and the most severe bugs
KDE 4.1.x
- Printing support for KDE4 applications is still very basic: printer settings can be changed but are not persistent. Regardless of the printer type they default to "no duplex", "color printing", and default margins.
- After install a rpm package from java.sun.com mounted Samba shares cause Dolphin and Konqueror to freeze when the view type is changed or file-preview is toggled. The bug was already fixed bug#63582. For fix before update, just remove following lines
install binfmt_misc /sbin/modprobe --ignore-install binfmt_misc && { mount -t binfmt_misc none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc; }
from /etc/modprobe.conf. Alternativelly you can disable jexec service (described on forums.opensuse.org.
Corrupted desktop
When updating from KDE 4.0 or 4.1 to 4.2 the desktop, i.e. panel etc. can get corrupted. If this happens you have to reset the plasma configuration to its defaults. This will cause the loss of all customisation you did with the desktop and its panels.
Open a konsole and execute the folowing commands as user:
kquitapp plasma rm ~/.kde4/share/config/plasma* plasma
If the corruption prevents you from accessing the panel, you can use ALT+F2 and start konsole from there.
Sound
If sound does not work, e.g. in amarok, check that you have all needed codecs installed. You can use the one-click install on opensuse-community.org.
KDE 4 Versions released with openSUSE
- openSUSE 11.1 includes KDE 4.1.3 packages (identical to KDE:KDE4:STABLE:Desktop).
- openSUSE 11.0 included KDE 4.0.4 packages. With the release of KDE 4.1, these are obsolete. We recommend that users upgrade KDE 4.0.x installations to KDE 4.1 using the KDE:KDE4:STABLE:Desktop Build Service project.
- openSUSE 10.3: The openSUSE 10.3 CD and DVD and default repositories were released containing a preview of KDE 4. At that time, the KDE Team worked on the base technologies of KDE 4. openSUSE 10.3 included a KDE3 desktop with single KDE4 application. openSUSE 10.3 can be updated to a newer KDE4 using the Build Service (see below).
- openSUSE Factory currently contains the KDE 4.2 packages (identical to KDE:KDE4:Factory:Desktop).
Package Naming
The packaging of KDE 4 is more fine-grained than with KDE 3. Applications are packaged individually and named using the form kde4-<appname>; the kde4- prefix is to avoid confusion with the KDE3 equivalent. The module packages, i.e. kdenetwork4, kdepim4, etc (with the exception of kdelibs4 and kdebase4) are usually empty and exist only because of the corresponding debuginfo packages. By installing them, all subpackages derived from them containing the actual applications are installed.